Insulation is a very important factor in controlling home energy costs. Insulation is rated by R-value, or resistance to the transference of heat. The cost of adding insulation can usually be recovered in just a few years with the savings on heating and cooling bills.
Heating pipes and air ducts should be insulated and sealed, especially those in unheated space (basements, crawl space, garages).
Windows and doors need to be caulked and weather-stripped to prevent conditioned air from leaking out or unconditioned air from coming in.